Vitamin E Supreme

The Finest Full Spectrum Vitamin E
Independently Assayed - Purest Research Grade

Vitamin E Supreme
Natural Mixed Tocopherols

DESCRIPTION
Vitamin E Supreme by Nutrition Dynamics, Inc. contains 400 I.U. of 100% natural, unesterified vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol), plus other mixed tocopherols per softgel.

No synthetic vitamin E is used. EVER!!!

FUNCTIONS
Vitamin E is the collective term for four fat-soluble, natural compounds with similar chemical structure; alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol. Of these, alpha-tocopherol has the highest nutritional activity. Eight structural isomers of alpha-tocopherol are possible, but only the d-alpha-tocopherol (RRR-alpha-tocopherol) occurs in nature. The other seven isomers have less nutritional activity, and are present only in synthetic vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol) Douglas Laboratories� vitamin E softgels contain only natural isomers of vitamin E, including d-alpha, d-beta, d-gamma, and d-delta tocopherols.

Vitamin E is one of the body�s most important antioxidant nutrients. Antioxidants protect healthy cells from oxidative and free radical damage. Free radicals are unstable chemicals formed in the body during metabolism and from exposure to environmental sources, such as pollution and cigarette smoke. Free radicals are necessary for energy metabolism and immune function, but when an excessive number of free radicals are formed, they can attack healthy cells, especially cell membrane lipids and proteins. This, in turn, is thought to contribute to a number of degenerative diseases.

Vitamin E is an especially valuable antioxidant in the cell membranes, where it prevents oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids by trapping free radicals. This helps stabilize and protect cell membranes, especially red blood cells and tissues sensitive to oxidation, such as the lungs, eyes, and arteries. Vitamin E also protects the liver and other tissues from the free-radical damage of toxicants, such as mercury, lead, ozone, nitrous oxide, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, cresol, and various drugs.

Related to its antioxidant properties, vitamin E is important for normal immune function, and many studies show that it prevents lipid peroxidation of blood lipoproteins, such as LDL-cholesterol.

Intestinal absorption of vitamin E is associated with fat absorption. Some dietary fat must be present for efficient vitamin E absorption to occur. Studies show that natural d‑alpha-tocopherol is more efficiently absorbed and has significantly higher bioavailability than synthetic dl-alpha-tocopherol. Once absorbed, vitamin E is transported into the circulatory system via chylomicrons, and then transferred to VLDL, LDL and HDL particles. Tissues slowly accumulate vitamin E from these plasma lipoproteins. Liver and adipose tissues have the highest concentrations, but muscle also accounts for a large proportion of vitamin E stores in the body.

INDICATIONS

Vitamin E Supreme may be a useful dietary supplement for those who wish to increase their daily intake of vitamin E in its potent, natural form.

FORMULA (#7059) %U.S. RDA*

Each softgel contains:
Vitamin E 400 I.U. 1,333
d-alpha-tocopherol 50%

d-beta-tocopherol 40%
d-gamma-tocopherol 5%
d-delta-tocopherol 5%

*Percentage of U.S. Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for adults and children four or more years of age.
Other ingredients: soy bean oil, gelatin, glycerin, and purified water.

Contains no yeast; corn; wheat; sugar or other sweeteners; artificial flavors, colors or preservatives.

SUGGESTED USE

One softgel daily with a meal, or as directed by physician.

SIDE EFFECTS

None reported. The safety of oral vitamin E has been demonstrated in doses as high as 3,200 I.U. per day.

PRECAUTIONS

Individuals diagnosed with vitamin K deficiency or on anticoagulant therapy should consult a physician before taking high doses of vitamin E.

REFERENCES
Abbey M. The importance of vitamin E in reducing cardiovascular risk. Nutr Rev 1995;53 Suppl.S28-S32.
Anderson LE, Sr., Myer RO, Brendemuhl JH, McDowell LR. Bioavailability of various vitamin E compounds for finishing swine. J Anim Sci 1995;73:490-495.
Beales PE, Williams AJK, Albertini MC, Pozzilli P. Vitamin E delays diabetes onset in the non-obese diabetic mouse. Horm Metab Res 1994;26:450-452.
Brown KM, Morrice PC, Duthie GG. Vitamin E supplementation suppresses indexes of lipid peroxidation and platelet counts in blood of smokers and nonsmokers but plasma lipoprotein concentrations remain unchanged. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:383-387.alzada C, Bizzotto M, Paganga G, et al. Levels of antioxidant nutrients in plasma and low density lipoproteins: A human volunteer supplementation study. Free Radic Res 1995;23:489-503.Carpenter KLH, Cheeseman KH, Van der Veen C, Taylor SE, Walker MK, Mitchinson MJ. Depletion of alpha-tocopherol in human atherosclerotic lesions. Free Radic Res 1995;23:549-558.Cheeseman KH, Holley AE, Kelly FJ, Wasil M, Hughes L, Burton G. Biokinetics in humans of RRR-a-tocopherol: The free phenol, acetate ester, and succinate ester forms of vitamin E. Free Radic Biol Med 1995;19:591-598.Das S. Vitamin E in the genesis and prevention of cancer--A review. Acta Oncol 1994;33:615-619.Dutta-Roy AK, Gordon MJ, Campbell FM, Duthie GG, James WPT. Vitamin E requirements, transport, and metabolism: Role of a-tocopherol-binding proteins. J Nutr Biochem 1994;5:562-570. Felemovicius I, Bonsack ME, Baptista ML, Delaney JP. Intestinal radioprotection by vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol). Ann Surg 1995;222:504-510. Flagg EW, Coates RJ, Greenberg RS. Epidemiologic studies of antioxidants and cancer in humans. J Am Coll Nutr 1995;14:419-427. Friedrichson T, LeVan Kalbach H, Buck P, Van Kuijk FJGM. Vitamin E in macular and peripheral tissues of the human eye. Curr Eye Res 1995;14:693-701. Hartmann A, Niess AM, Gr�nert-Fuchs M, Poch B, Speit G. Vitamin E prevents exercise-induced DNA damage. Mutat Res Lett 1995;346:195-202. Hodis HN, Mack WJ, LaBree L, et al. Serial coronary angiographic evidence that antioxidant vitamin intake reduces progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis. JAMA 1995;273:1849-1854. Holvoet P, Collen D. Oxidized lipoproteins in atherosclerosis and thrombosis. FASEB J 1994;8:1279-1284. Jialal I, Fuller CJ, Huet BA. The effect of a-tocopherol supplementation on LDL oxidation: A dose-response study. Arterioscler Thromb 1995;15:190-198. Knekt P, Reunanen A, J�rvinen R, Sepp�nen R, Heli�vaara M, Aromaa A. Antioxidant vitamin intake and coronary mortality in a longitudinal population study. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139:1180-1189. Knekt P, Heliovaara M, Rissanen A, Aromaa A, Aaran RK. Serum antioxidant vitamins and risk of cataract. BMJ 1992;305:1392-1394. Konikoff F. The therapeutic benefit of vitamin E in patients with liver disease. J Hepatol 1994;21:687-688. Luostarinen R, Wallin R, Wibell L, Saldeen T. Vitamin E supplementation counteracts the fish oil-induced increase of blood glucose in humans. Nutr Res 1995;15:953-968. Meydani SN, Meydani M, Rall LC, Morrow F, Blumberg JB. Assessment of the safety of high-dose, short-term supplementation with vitamin E in healthy older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:704-709.

Odeleye OE, Watson RR. The potential role of vitamin E in the treatment of immunologic abnormalities during acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1991;15:1-19. Paolisso G, Gambardella A, GI.U.gliano D, et al. Chronic intake of pharmacological doses of vitamin E might be useful in the therapy of elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:848-852. Princen HMG, Van Duyvenvoorde W, Buytenhek R, et al. Supplementation with low doses of vitamin E protects LDL from lipid peroxidation in men and women. Arterioscler Thromb 1995;15:325-333. Reiter RJ. Oxidative processes and antioxidative defense mechanisms in the aging brain. FASEB J 1995;9:526-533. Traber MG, Ramakrishnan R, Kayden HJ. Human plasma vitamin E kinetics demonstrate rapid recycling of plasma RRR-a-tocopherol. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:10005-10008.

Wang Y, Watson RR. Potential therapeutics of vitamin E (tocopherol) in AIDS and HIV. Drugs 1994;48:327-338.

Wang Y, Huang DS, Liang B, Watson RR. Nutritional status and immune responses in mice with murine AIDS are normalized by vitamin E supplementation. J Nutr 1994;124:2024-2032. Wang Y, Watson RR. Is vitamin E supplementation a useful agent in AIDS therapy? Prog Food Nutr Sci 1993;17:351-375. Winklhofer-Roob BM, Ziouzenkova O, Puhl H, et al. Impaired resistance to fibrosis: improvement during vitamin E supplementation. Free Radic Biol Med 1995;19:725-733. Yau TM, Weisel RD, Mickle DAG, et al. Vitamin E for coronary bypass operations: A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;108:302-310.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. .

This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.